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Project objective

dr hab. Karolina Ćwiek-Rogalska
For years: 2022–2027
Project number: 101041946
ERC Starting Grant

Ghosts are often presented as the spirits of the dead haunting the living. But what if we understood them as material remains, bringing to light overlooked past and enabling us to grasp the experience of the otherness? We propose such an approach in research on displacement, on territories previously inhabited by one culture but after a forced migration resettled by another one.

The displacement comprises expulsion and resettlement. While the former is well-researched, much of the latter remains understudied: especially the settlers’ experiences with things previous inhabitants had left behind. Things act as “ghosts” of previous culture and force settlers to interact with the “spectral” presence of the expellees. Hence, we will operationalize the category of “post-displacement” as a form of afterlife, based on archival records and fieldwork, in 3 regions in Slavic Central Europe where the traces of previous German cultures remained visible, regardless of the efforts to remove them. With hauntology as the proposed research framework and introduction of the category of recycling, we will establish a novel approach in research on the post-displacement regions. Hauntology, a spectral theory of being, shows how the present is pervaded by the past and enables us to engage with unresolved questions, becoming a tool to investigate unexplained phenomena. Recycling is a mechanism of reintroducing the things that were left by expellees into the life of the settlers. Our approach will bring fresh insights into everyday life in the post-displacement regions by providing a more nuanced and coherent understanding of forced migration processes and their continuous reinterpretations in different political and ideological regimes. In understanding what post-displacement things are and the attitude of people towards them, the project presents a showcase study of what we can learn about the emergence of new cultures from the experiences of Central Europe.

Team

dr hab. Karolina Ćwiek-Rogalska, prof. IS PAN
Principal Investigator in ERC StG
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dr Angelika Zanki
Manager/research facilitator in ERC StG
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mgr. Karina Hoření
Researcher in ERC StG
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Michal Korhel, Ph.D.
Researcher in ERC StG
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mgr Magdalena Bubík
PhD student/assistant
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News

New article. Memory-making and Vampire-hunting: A Hauntological Study of the “Recovered” Pomerania in the 1950s

In the latest issue of the Zeitschrift für Slawistik you can find an article written by Karolina Ćwiek-Rogalska titled “Memory-making and Vampire-hunting: A Hauntological Study of the “Recovered” Pomerania in the 1950s”.

This article examines how memory and materiality were managed in the Recovered Territories, lands incorporated by Poland after 1945, through a case study set in Central Pomerania. It juxtaposes Bram Stoker’s Dracula with 1958 bureaucratic documents concerning the trade in cemetery stones from former German graveyards near Koszalin. The study reveals how local and central authorities in People’s Poland navigated the legal, political, and symbolic challenges of dealing with remnants of German heritage. By exploring tensions between top-down directives from Warsaw and local interpretations, the article sheds light on broader post-war memory processes and the contested legacy of German material culture in the 1950s.

Link to the article you can find here.

fieldwork in Pomerania, photo: Karolina Ćwiek-Rogalska

New blog post (in Polish). Erinnerungen, czyli wspomnienia

The blog post was quest-written by Karolina Gembara, a visual artist, researcher, born and raised in Ząbkowice Śląskie in a family resettled from various parts of today’s Ukraine.

A chance discovery of a bag filled with old photographs led the author of this month’s blog post into a poignant reflection on memory, inheritance, and the aftermath of postwar displacement.

The found images – wedding portraits, marginal notes, rare wartime snapshots – revealed a tangled history of Polish and German lives, layered with silence, loss, and emotional complexity. Among them, a photo album titled Erinnerungen (Memories), likely once owned by a displaced German family, raised urgent questions about symbolic appropriation, mourning, and the uneasy intimacy of living with things that are both ours and not ours.

Link to the blog post you can find here.

Our Team at the MSA 2025: Phantom Memories, Treasure Hunting, and Looking for a Method in Post-Displacement Landscapes

From July 14 to 18, 2025, three members of our team—Magdalena Bubík, Karina Hoření, and Karolina Ćwiek-Rogalska—presented their research at the 9th Annual Conference of the Memory Studies Association, which took place in Prague, Czechia, under the theme Beyond Crises: Resilience and (In)Stability. Conferences are always a collective endeavor, and we’re happy we could be part of this one. We reconnected with long-time colleagues, forged new friendships, and had the opportunity to share our research within the SpectralRecyling project. 

Magdalena presented part of her PhD study in a talk titled Two Phantom Churches, Only One Remembered: A Comparative Study of Protestant and Catholic Churches in Post-Displacement Regions. She focused on Piła, where two churches were demolished post-1945, but only one has been actively commemorated, both in the cityscape and in collective memory: the Roman Catholic one. Her analysis explored why certain religious sites are remembered while others are forgotten, shaped by memory politics, local agency, and material decay. She was part of the panel Nostalgia and Memoryscapes, alongside Ümit Fırat Açıkgöz (American University of Beirut), who spoke on Monuments, Ruins, and the Making of the Future: The Crisis of Urban Memory in Early Republican Istanbul (1923–1949), and Bjorn Krondorfer (Northern Arizona University), who presented on Testimonial and Toxic Landscapes and Memory Objects. All three talks focused on the memory in particular landscapes, where people’s individual stories cross paths with the larger projects of rebuilding, both the past and the future. The panel was moderated by Marcin Jarząbek (Jagiellonian University, Kraków).

Karina presented in the panel Conspiracy Theories, Myths, and Alternative Histories: Probing ‘Speculative Memories’ in Times of Crises, organized by Ilana Hartikainen (University of Helsinki). Her talk, Ghosts and Treasures: Stories about Post-War Property Changes in the Czech Borderlands, explored a topic she had been eager to tackle since the very beginning of our shared project. Namely, how narratives of postwar property shifts in the Czech borderlands have long revolved around the motif of treasure hunting—and how that motif has evolved. Ilana presented on A Pseudohistorical Brotherhood: Pro-Russian Sentiment in Czech Political Rhetoric During Russia’s War in Ukraine, introducing us to the concept of pseudohistory to explore how Pan-Slavism is present (and more often absent) in contemporary Czech far-right narratives. The panel also included Jeanmarie Rouhier-Willoughby (University of Kentucky), who discussed her forthcoming book on sacred landscapes in Western Siberia. The session was moderated by Tatjana Menise (University of Tartu).

Karolina presented on the final day of the conference, in a panel she co-organized with our colleagues from the MEMPOP ERC StG project, affiliated at the Institute of Ethnology, Czech Academy of Sciences. The panel was chaired by the PI of that project, Johana Wyss. Together with Jitka Králová, Laura Mafizzoli, and Ioana Brunet, Karolina explored the question of reconciliation: When is memory enough? Karolina’s talk, “My uncle used to collect everything. Now, I somehow admire him”: The Stories of Formerly German Objects Between State-Level Administration and Personal Narratives, looked at the everyday ethics of keeping, discarding, or interpreting things that come with layered pasts. She was looking for a method of dealing with entangled pasts, stemming from a case study she encountered during her fieldwork in Wałcz, Poland. Ioana Brunet shared insights from her initial fieldwork in Romanian Bukovina in a presentation titled Oktoberfest in the East, while Jitka and Laura summed up their fieldworks: Laura in Georgia, Gulag past presencing: Generational Memory and the Politics of Reconciliation in Georgia, exploring stories of reparations for Soviet-era repressions, and Jitka in Czechia, Uprootedness as a symptom of marginalisation: Case study from the Ústecký region, where she examined how the local history of expulsion is used to explain the development of the region.

Taken together, the three presentations by Magdalena, Karina, and Karolina reflect the core questions at the heart of our research team: How do material remnants—whether sacred architecture, things sought after as treasures, or everyday objects—shape post-displacement experience? What ethical, emotional, and political negotiations emerge when people confront things left behind by others? And how do individual stories, state-level frameworks, and ghostly traces intersect in the formation of new societies? These panels offered a valuable space to test ideas, refine concepts, and stay in dialogue with scholars working across geographies and disciplines. We’re looking forward to building on these conversations in the months to come.

Karina and Magdalena at the Slow Memory Conference in Porto

Two members of our research team, Karina Hoření and Magdalena Bubík, used the summer not just to relax, but also to dive into academic work and spread the word about our project. In early July, they set off from two different cities – Magdalena from Kraków and Karina from Prague – to meet at a shared destination: the Slow Memory Conference in Porto.

The event was organized by the COAST Action network SLOW MEMORY, which brings together scholars from across the humanities and social sciences under the common motto: slow down and take time to remember well. This idea shaped the entire conference, fostering reflection, collaboration, and attentiveness to memory and history.

During the conference, Karina and Magdalena led a workshop titled Slow Memory in Photographs. Working in small groups, participants discussed postcards featuring sites from our field research. They grouped the images by theme, then created their own postcards inspired by the conference experience. The workshop took place in the evocative setting of a former lamp factory – now repurposed as the Lino Cultural Space. We included new technologies in our workshop, using a mini printer to create photographs on site to capture the experience of various memory layers visible in the space. It is no wonder that the participants did not have a problem with identifying some ghosts lingering in that place.

The time Karina and Magdalena spent in Porto brought not only valuable new contacts and insights but also a wave of fresh, ocean-inspired energy – and plenty of ideas for future research initiatives.

during conference
inspired by postcards from our fieldwork, participants created their own postcards, photo: Karina Hoření